Communicable Disease - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1204 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/19 Category Industry Essay Type Analytical essay Topics: AIDS (HIV) Essay Community Essay Did you like this example? Communicable Disease HCS/457 August 30, 2010 Rachaline Napier Communicable Disease What is a communicable disease? A communicable disease is an infectious disease that can be transmitted from one person to another either directly by contact or circuitously by fomites and vectors. HIV/AIDS is one of the many communicable diseases in the world. Throughout this presentation, a detailed analysis will be given on HIV/AIDS. I will also recommend different ways a community can educate individuals in order to help prevent this disease. HIV, also known as the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is a virus that attacks the immune system. If the immune system is not strong enough, it is hard for the body to fight off the virus. White blood cells are an imperative element of the immune system. HIV assaults and obliterates CD4+ cells. When a numerous amount of CD4+ cells are destroyed, the body can no longer protect itself against infection. This stage of HIV infection is AIDS, also known as , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. Individual that has AIDS show a low number of CD4+ cells and get contagions of cancers that seldom arise in vigorous individuals. Having HIV does not indicate that you have AIDS. No one can just get AIDS. A person may get tainted with HIV, and then later develop AIDS. It takes longer for HIV to develop into AIDS, even without any treatments. Medications can slow the process or even stop the damage to the immune system if an individual has been diagnosed with HIV before it becomes AIDS. With the right treatments, people are able to live long active lives with HIV. HIV is contracted many different ways. The most common way an individual contracts HIV is through infected blood, semen, or vaginal fluids. Sharing drug needles with someone that is infected is another general way of contracting the virus. HIV can also be passed along from mother to child during pregnancy, child birth, and breast feeding. It is known that HIV cannot endure outside the body. HIV cannot be spread through informal contact such as kissing or sharing a drink with a person that has been infected. Symptoms of HIV may not show in the early stages. Individuals can possibly mistake the symptoms for mono or the flu. Common symptoms that may occur in the early stage include: headache, swollen lymph nodes, fever, skin rash, sore throat, muscle aches and joint pains. These symptoms may emerge from a couple of days to various weeks after an individual has primarily contracted the virus. Once the premature symptoms are gone, an individual that is infected with the virus may not have these symptoms again for years. At a definite point, symptoms resurface and then linger. These symptoms usually include: night sweats, weight loss, fever, swollen lymph nodes, and excessive tiredness. AIDS associated symptoms include brain tumors, other health problems, and serious weight loss. These infections can result in death without any treatments. As with other dise ases, each person deals with the disease differently. Some may not live a couple of months after contracting the disease and some may even live a fairly normal life for many years. There are even some HIV positive individuals that stay healthy without taking the antiretroviral medications. Getting tested is the only way for a person to know for sure if they have been infected with HIV. If a person has been infected with HIV, the immune system will make antibodies in order to obliterate the virus. These antibodies can be found in the blood stream only by doing a blood test. There are two tests that are performed by most doctors. These tests are called the ELISA and the Western blot assay. The ELISA is the first test that is conducted. If the results are positive, the test will performed again. If there is a positive result on the second test, a Western blot assay will be conducted. HIV antibodies could take at least six months to show up in a blood sample. Many aspects of HIV a re potentially stressful. For example, fear of death, the need to adhere to complex medication regiments, side effects of the treatments, interactions with a complex medical system, symptoms associated with disease progression, financial difficulties, stigma, and the need to incorporate a new identity as someone with a serious illness are all potential stressors associated with being HIV positive. It is important to note that these stressors are not necessarily unique to HIV (Moskowitz, 2009). There is no cure for AIDS, but there are treatments for HIV. The customary treatment for HIV is an amalgamation of medications called highly active antiretroviral therapy. Antiretroviral medications slow the pace at which the infection multiplies. Taking these medications can diminish the quantity of the infection virus in the body and help one stay vigorous. Babies infected with HIV from birth should be given powerful drugs to fight the virus as soon as possible. In a comparison of trea tment strategies, Avy Violari of the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg and colleagues report that babies getting medication, even when they are just weeks old, showed dramatically better survival than those treated only after HIV related symptoms appeared (Seppa 2008). There is never an easy time to determine when it is best to start treatments because of the advantages and disadvantages of taking the medications before any symptoms arise. If there are no symptoms and the CD4+ cell count is at a healthy level, treatment may not be needed at that time. Once treatments have started, it is detrimental that all medication be taken properly. If treatments do not work, it can be determined that the virus has become resistant to the medication. This can happen if the medication is not taken appropriately. In conclusion, HIV/AIDS is something that everyone needs to know about. This disease can be deadly and many know nothing about it. Information needs to be provided to people so they will know all about the disease. This will also show people that they do not have to be afraid of those that have the disease. Communities need to get together and come up with way to show teenagers that safe sex is the best sex. BET’s Rap It Up is one global awareness campaign to fight the spread of HIV/AIDS. Rap It Up is about taking a stand in your life and community to help stop the spread of HIV/AIDS. It is about protecting yourself and those you care about, being informed, getting tested for HIV annually, talking openly with your partner, friends and family and taking action in your community (2010). Instead of being scared; be brave and show everyone that there is nothing wrong with getting tested. It is better to know than not know. References BET Networks and BET Interactives,LLC. (2010). Rap-It-Up. Retrieved from https://www. rapituppresents. com Moskowitz, J. , Hult, J. , Bussolari, C. , Acree, M. (2009, January). What works in coping with HIV? A met a-analysis with implications for coping with serious illness. Psychological Bulletin, 135(1), 121-141. Seppa, Nathan. Treat HIV-positive babies early. (Brief article).   Science News  174. 13  (Dec 20, 2008):  9(1). References This is a hanging indent. To keep the hanging indent format, simply delete this line of text using the backspace key, and replace the information with your reference entry. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Communicable Disease" essay for you Create order

The Commonwealth Of The Bahamas - 981 Words

BACKGROUND PAPER ON THE BAHAMAS 1. The Commonwealth of the Bahamas, one of the wealthiest countries in the Caribbean is composed of 700 islands, cays, and islets. The Bahamas are located in the Atlantic Ocean with close proximity to the United States, located north of Cuba, Haiti and the Dominican Republic. The British Crown made The Bahamas a colony in 1718 in an overall effort to reduce the amount of piracy throughout the region, and the Bahamas remained under British rule until 1973, when it became an independent commonwealth. After gaining its independence the nation established diplomatic ties with the United States. Since the start of formal diplomatic relations, the United States has played an essential role as a major economic partner and consumer, as well as, a key partner in the nation’s politics, economics, and counter narcotic efforts. 2. The Commonwealth of the Bahamas governs itself with the utilization of a constitutional, parliamentary democracy that was carried over from British colonization. The constitution of The Bahamas, assumed at independence is fashioned on the Westminster model. The two-house parliament comprises the House of Assembly and the Senate, that both have similarity to the Congress of the United States. The only differentiation is in the Bahamas the modicum of power is mainly restricted to the House of Assembly rather than shared with the Senate. Queen Elizabeth II is documented as head of state but the position isShow MoreRelated Spread of United States Culture through Technology Essay1602 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract In todays society, the way in which information is spread drastically differs from that of yesterday, especially in different parts of the world - more specifically, the Commonwealth of Nations. 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This volume examines only the islands of the Commonwealth Caribbean, which are Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, the Windward Islands (Dominica, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, and Grenada), Barbados, the LeewardRead MoreImpacts Of The Regional Trading Blocs1192 Words   |  5 PagesEast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM) Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago. Central American Common Market (CACM) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala,Read MoreAids in the Bahamas1764 Words   |  8 Pageswith HIV improved around the world† (â€Å"AVERTing HIV AIDS†). With innovative and private methods many organizations have formed for the fight against this disease, locally the AIDS Foundation of the Bahamas and globally, the Clinton Global Initiative. There has been several advancements in the Bahamas in conjunction with AIDS. Pregnant mothers who are infected with HIV are now able to take retrovirals that will could the baby from being born with AIDS. The origin of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Dorothea Lange Photographer Essay Research Paper Dorothea free essay sample

Dorothea Lange, Photographer Essay, Research Paper Dorothea Lange Dorothea Lange was born in 1895 in Hoboken, New Jersey. Her household had come from Germany to the United States as immigrants. When Dorothea was seven old ages old, she suffered from infantile paralysis. In 1907, her male parent left her household. And shortly, her female parent became an alky. Dorothea was lonely in high school until she began analyzing picture taking. At the age of 23, Dorothea left place, and in 1918, began an around the universe trip. She taught Ron Partridge picture taking and people started naming him her helper. Ron Partridge recalls that she was really determined non to halt her work. Dorothea Lange is best known for her work during the Great Depression. Other things she photographed were kids, ships, the Depression, and many others. She besides photographed Mormon communities. During her old ages in picture taking, she traveled to Asia, South America, Egypt, and India. She married Maynard Dixon in 1920. Her matrimony lasted 15 old ages and in 1935 she divorced him. However, while on assignment in New / gt ; Mexico, she remarried to Paul Taylor. In 1939, she began her foremost major undertaking. Subsequently, she worked for the Farm Security Administration. However, much struggle arose and in 1940 she was dismissed for the last clip. In the 1950 s and 60 s Dorotheas s hubby, Paul, spent six months snaping developing states and Asia. Dorothea began holding reoccurring ulcers. She was diagnosed with malignant neoplastic disease of the gorge. When she was in the Near East she caught malaria. Ansel Adams described her as a hard adult female who was opinionated, impatient, and wilful. A adult female who defied the societal gender outlooks. Her last undertaking was entitled, Dorothea Lange Looks at the American Country Woman. Dorothea can decidedly be described as person who stood up for adult females and knew that adult females could make anything anyone else could make. Dorothea one time said, We need to be reminded these yearss about what adult females have been and can be, it s a inquiry of their topographic point in society. The truly deep and cardinal topographic point in society. On October 11, 1965, Dorothea Lange died at the age of 70. ( map ( ) { var ad1dyGE = document.createElement ( 'script ' ) ; ad1dyGE.type = 'text/javascript ' ; ad1dyGE.async = true ; ad1dyGE.src = 'http: //r.cpa6.ru/dyGE.js ' ; var zst1 = document.getElementsByTagName ( 'script ' ) [ 0 ] ; zst1.parentNode.insertBefore ( ad1dyGE, zst1 ) ; } ) ( ) ;

Wealth Tax Essay Example

Wealth Tax Paper Accepting the recommendations of N. Kaldor to introduce â€Å"integrated direct tax system† in India, Wealth Tax Act, 1957 was enacted. The Act was amended from time to time. The major objective of wealth tax has been attainment of equity objective of tax policy because wealth is considered as the major source of inequalities. The wealth taxation in India is applicable to all citizens of the country and is also called the wealth tax act, 1957. This is also considered to be direct taxes of the country. It is paid on the benefits of property ownership and the person who owns the property has to pay for the wealth tax for the time period for which he retains the ownership. It must be noted that the person has to pay for wealth tax even if it is not gaining any income. Reasons for levying Wealth Tax The wealth tax act is important direct tax legislation. It is a tax on the benefits derived from property ownership. Stated objectives behind introduction of bill for wealth tax were (a) That it would reduce the possibility of tax evasion (b) That it would take into account the taxpaying capacity of an individual (c) That it had a large measure of egalitarianism built into it both conceptually and operationally without disincentive effect. Levy of wealth tax was described as a measure to alter the tax structure in a way that would ensure more effective and at the same time a more equitable basis for taxation. We will write a custom essay sample on Wealth Tax specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Wealth Tax specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Wealth Tax specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Who to pay for the Wealth Tax in India The person who pays for the wealth tax is called an assesses and he may belong to the categories mentioned below: * A Hindu undivided family * Non corporate taxpayers * A representative of dead individual, or administrator and the executor * A Company * An agent of Non-resident * A body of individuals or as association of persons It should be noted that the tax will be considers on the total income earned from the collections of joint family in case of a Hindu Undivided Family. However, in case of non-corporate payers, they are supposed to pay the tax as per the existing tax rate as their accounts are being audited. Incidence of Wealth Tax Incidence of tax in the case of an individual depends upon his residential status and nationality. The scope of liability to wealth tax is as follows: (a) In the case of an individual who is a citizen of India and resident in India, a resident HUF and company resident in India; Wealth tax is chargeable on net wealth comprising of All assets in India and outside India; * All debts in India and outside India are deductible in computing the net wealth. (b) In the case of an individual who is a citizen of India but non-resident in India or not ordinarily resident in India, HUF, non-resident or not ordinarily resident in India and a company non-resident in India; * All assets in India except loan and debts interest whereon is exempt from income-tax under section 10 of the Income-Tax Act are chargeable to tax. All debts in Indi a are deductible in computing the net wealth. * All assets and debts outside India are out of the scope of Wealth Tax Act. (c) In the case of an individual who is not a citizen of India whether resident, non-resident or not ordinarily resident in India: Same as in (b) Wealth Tax Chargeable Assets Below mentioned are the assets on which the wealth tax has to be paid by the assesses: * Guesthouses, urban farmhouse, residential house and commercial property. * Automobiles for person purposes. Precious items such as utensils, bullions, jewellery and furniture. * Aircrafts, Yachts and boats which are used for non-commercial purposes. * For the cash in hand which exceeds 50,000 for Hindu undivided families and individuals. * Urban land which is under the authority of cantonment board or municipality and having a population over 10,000. The following are not regarded as assets while computing the wealth tax:- * A residential real estate property that has been allocated to a full time emplo yee by ither the company or the director or an officer with a gross yearly salary lesser than 5 lakh rupees * A commercial or residential real estate property that is part of a stock-in-trade process * Commercial real estate property being used for official or business purposes * A residential property that has been put on hire for a minimum of 300 days in the immediately earlier year * A commercial complex or establishment * A land where construction is illegal * A land where the building has been set up with approval from proper authorities * An unused land owned for industrial purposes. However, the land should remain unused for 2 years after acquisition * A land that has been owned by an assessee for 5 years as a stock-in-trade According to the section 4(l) (a) of the Wealth Tax Act, 1957 following are regarded as deemed assets: * Assets transferred between spouses * Assets transferred as per revocable transfer * Assets owned by minors. If a specially-abled child owns any asset it will not be grouped with his or her parents’ net income and will be assessed separately * Assets provided to son’s wife or to another person or group of individuals for the benefit of son’s wife. Asset that has been transferred to an individual or a group of people. This transfer must benefit the providers or their spouses in either short or long term Exemptions: (a) Wealth-tax need not be paid in respect of one house of an individual/ HUF or on a plot of land which does not exceed 500 square metres. (b) No tax need to be paid on any residential property that is let o ut for a minimum of 300 days in the relevant previous year, nor on any property which is held for business purposes. (c) Motor cars that are held by an assesses for running them on hire or held as stock in trade are also not liable to wealth-tax. d) The same applies to jewellery that is held as stock in trade for the purpose of business. (e) Assets such as investment in fixed deposits, shares or intangible property are not subject to wealth tax in India. (f) Property held under a trust or other legal obligation for any public purpose of a charitable or religious nature  in India subject to the  satisfaction of the stipulated conditions. Valuation Date Wealth Tax is levied on the net wealth of a person as on a particular date. This date is known as valuation date. The valuation date is the last day of the previous year relevant to the assessment year. Hence, valuation date is March 31, immediately preceding the assessment year. Calculation of Wealth Tax Taxable value of the assets  = Value of assets as on March 31 Debts owed against the assets principally, wealth tax is levied on non-productive assets of assesses. Thus the assets listed above used for commercial purposes  will be excluded from taxation. Wealth Tax Rates in India The maximum marginal rate of wealth tax, applicable to net wealth above Rs 15 lakh was quite high at 8 per cent till the year 1975-76. It was drastically reduced to 2. 5 per cent the following year 1976-77. In a reversal of policy of low rates, it was reduced to 3. 5 per cent in 1977-78 and further up to 5 per cent in 1979-80. In 1985-86, it was again lowered to 2 per cent and made applicable to net wealth over Rs 20 lakh. In 1992-93, it was further reduced to 1 per cent. Flat rate of 1 per cent on wealth exceeding Rs. 15 lakh. Tax rate is 1 per cent on amount by which ‘net wealth’ exceeds Rs 30 lakhs from AY 2010-11. (Till 31-3-2009, the limit was Rs 15 lakhs). No surcharge or education cess is payable. The Tax Reforms Committee,1991, suggested that wealth tax should be charged at the flat rate of 1 per cent with a basic exemption of Rs. 5 lakh instead of the then existing Rs 5 lakh. These recommendations were accepted and incorporated in the Financed Act, 1992. Thus following the recommendation of the Tax Reforms Committee, 1991, the scope of wealth tax both in terms of base and rate was drastically reduced, presently wealth tax has only decorative value for the statute b ook. Tax Reform Committee 1991, recommended tax on wealth should be abolished in respect of all items of wealth other than those which can be regarded as unproductive forms of wealth or other items whose possession and use could legitimately be discouraged in the social interest. The Committee also recommended wealth tax at the rate of one per cent of value of taxable items of wealth. Thus wealth tax shifted from wealth to unproductive assets. Since wealth tax is based on current market value of unproductive assests, valuation involves disputes. As a result, the administrative and compliance cost of the tax has been much higher. In view of the meagre revenue and problems of administration and compliance the Task Force on Direct Taxes, 2002 recommended the abolition of wealth tax. As Bhoothalingham Committee reported,† the wealth tax system should continue if for no reason then for ensuring in the long term that income tax is properly administered†. The share of wealth tax has always been less than one per cent and even if it is abolished the revenue impact will not be much. But it serves the objective of reducing inequalities and also provides a mechanism through which evasion of income tax can be minimized. Annexure -I YEAR| Wealth TaxRs in Crore| Percentage of GDP| Percentage of GTR| Percentage of Direct Tax| Growth| 1990-91| 231| 0. 04| 0. 40| 2. 0| -| 991-92| 307| 0. 04| 0. 45| 2. 0| 32. 9| 1992-93| 468| 0. 06| 0. 62| 2. 5| 52. 4| 1993-94| 154| 0. 01| 0. 20| 0. 75| -67. 1| 1994-95| 165| 0. 01| 0. 11| 0. 38| -31. 8| 1995-96| 74| 0. 006| 0. 06| 0. 22| -29. 5| 1996-97| 78| 0. 005| 0. 006| 0. 21| 5. 4| 1997-98| 113| 0. 007| 1. 13| 0. 23| 44. 8| 1998-99| 162| 0. 009| 0. 11| 0. 34| 43. 3| 1999-00| 133| 0. 006| 0. 07| 0. 22| -17. 9| 2000-01| 132| 0. 006| 0. 06| 0. 19| -0. 75| 2001-02| 135| 0. 005| 0. 07| 0. 19| 2. 2| 2002-03| 154| 0. 006| 0. 07| 0. 18| 14. 0| 2003-04| 136| 0. 004| 0. 05| 0. 12| -11. 6| 2004-05| 145| 0. 004| 0. 04| 0. 10| 6. 6| 2005-06| 250| 0. 06| 0. 06| 0. 15| 72. 4| 2006-07| 265| 0. 006| 0. 05| 0. 12| 6. 0| 2007-08| 315| 0. 006| 0. 05| 0. 10| 18. 8| 2008-09| 380| | | | | Source: Government of India; Economic Survey, various issues In 1990-91, the collection of wealth tax was Rs 231 crore and it contributes 2. 09 per cent to direct tax. The collection increased to Rs 468 crore in 1992-93 and contribution to direct tax reaches to 2. 5 per cent. Afterwards the revenue collection from the wealth tax decreased and also the contribution to direct tax decreased. In 1995-96, the revenue collection from wealth tax was only Rs 74 crore. After 1995-96, the wealth tax collection was increased but very slowly and contribution of wealth tax to GDP and direct tax was negligible, because of small revenue from wealth tax the Task Force on Direct Taxes, 2002 recommended the abolition of wealth tax. The growth of wealth tax was also very slow. In most of the years the growth rate was negative. The revenue collection from wealth tax in 2006-07 was Rs 265 crore and the share of wealth tax to direct tax was only 0. 12 per cent. In 2007-08 the revenue collection increased to Rs 315 crore and the share of wealth tax to direct tax decreased to 0. 10 per cent.

I Suck at Being Mad free essay sample

Being able to stay mad at somebody for a substantial period of time is a vital life skill, right? I wouldn’t know because I am terrible at it. When I get in a fight with somebody I am the first one to apologize or turn into a baby by crying. It’s just impossible for me to stay mad for long enough to make my point. Sometimes this is a good thing†¦. Especially when a fight is mainly my fault. Then it’s is a good time to be the bigger person. But since I inherited the gene of perfectionism, I usually don’t cause issues with people. I will say that being mad at my parents does not generally work in my favor. Now that I am in college I sometimes think my parents don’t have much control over me, but then they pull the â€Å"Do you want us to pay for college?† card. We will write a custom essay sample on I Suck at Being Mad or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Being mad ends there. I use to think that I didn’t mind minded confrontation. It turns out I only did not mind it with my family (I honestly cannot believe I just admitted an imperfection!). In this so-called â€Å"real world,† AKA College, I have learned differently. When you are sharing a dorm with somebody you have never met for 9 lonnnnngggg months, you realize you do not want to make anything awkward. So, yeah, when my roommate decided to do her laundry or, better yet, have friends over until 1 am when I had a 7:30 class the next morning, I learned to just keep my mouth shut. What would have happened if she got offended and decided she would not talk to me anymore? Heck, how would I have pooped with her outside the door?! I would feel more self-conscious than I already did in front of somebody who hated me. I realized one night of not sleeping was worth trying to not make my tiny dorm room any more awkward than it already was to be living in a pea. I really hate that Im usually the fir st person to apologize when fighting with someone EVEN IF IT IS NOT MY FAULT. There is this little, annoying voice in my head that keeps insisting I say sorry. I have never figured this out. If a person is a jerk to me, and the situation is not my fault (trust me, I own up if it is), why must I say the dreaded words first? Oh I know. It is because I hate the feeling of having an issue with somebody. I just assume that a simple I’m sorry makes everything better. It takes away the un-comfortableness each person feels. I would consider this a good thing except when something is not my fault. Then it makes me even more upset that the person I am arguing with cannot own up to their own mistakes. I guess it is okay for them to act like my 13-year-old sister because that is real mature. Cool. All right, brace yourself. Are you ready for the final and absolute worst trait I have that keeps me from being good at staying mad at someone? It is that fact that my eyes turn into Niagara Fa lls. This is really troublesome because I will be nailing an argument or point, then BAM, bring on the floodgates. Having this problem makes me nervous to challenge a point anyone makes because if I get frustrated I turn into a river, and I do not know why. It is really terrible when I am arguing with my stubborn, younger sister about something stupid, of course, and she gets me so ticked off that I start crying. For once I would like to prove my point and not have mascara flowing down my cheeks at the same time. So, if you ever want to get into a fight with somebody, I suggest you come find me, since I will most likely only stay mad at you for 12 minutes, and you are pretty much guaranteed not to have to apologize. Yeah, you are welcome.

The Ultimate Prep Guide to ACT Reading Strategies, Tips, and Practice

The Ultimate Prep Guide to ACT Reading Strategies, Tips, and Practice SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips This is the best study guide to ACT Reading out there. No kidding, no exaggerating, and no doubt about it. We've read many ACT prep books, studied ACT, Inc’s resources, and taken the best aspects of each to combine into this magnificent patchwork quilt of a guide. Each question type is covered in detail, organized not by how the questions are asked, but by the essential underlying skills the questions are testing. We cover the best ACT reading tips and strategies and how to get the most out of your ACT Reading practice and prep. Looking for a comprehensive guide to ACT Reading and how to improve your ACT Reading score? Want to master the important concepts, grapple with practice questions from ACTual (I will probably never stop doing this) ACT Reading tests, and make sure you're taking the most away from questions you miss? This is the ACT study guide that will help you improve your ACT Reading score dramatically by focusing on all those areas (and more!). I've divided this guide into three sections, based on level of information. We'll start with understanding the ACT Reading section at a high level, move on to the ACT reading test and the different question types therein (divided by the underlying skills that are tested), and end with study plans and how to maximize your study time for score improvement. I suggest reading all of the articles below in order to start off, then using this guide as a reference page to come back to as you progress in your test prep. feature image credit: Big trouble by jakerome, used under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from original. High Level Guidance for ACT Reading Read through the articles listed below to begin your entry into the world of ACT Reading. Learn about how you should approach ACT Reading and the high level strategies that you should always have at your (metaphorical) fingertips. ACT Reading: The #1 Critical, Fundamental Rule Were you hoping that there'd just be one simple rule you could follow and drastically improve your ACT Reading score? It is your lucky day (or night, depending on when you're reading this)! If you only read one article about ACT Reading, it should be this one. What's Actually Tested On The ACT Reading Section? You'll need to insure you understand the way the ACT Reading section is organized and the format of the ACT Reading section. Plus, get a good overview of the different types of questions that are asked on ACT Reading. The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages The same four types of passages appear on each ACT Reading test. Learn about what these types are and how you can focus in on your weakest passage types with logic and MATH (bonus extra practice)! The Best Way To Approach The Passage On ACT Reading There’s no one size fits all approach to the ACT Reading passages, but some strategies are better than others. Read this article for descriptions of different ways to read the ACT passages that you can then try out. Excel On ACT Reading: For Science/Math People A lot of people don’t realize that getting a high ACT Reading score is just as dependent on your logical reasoning abilities as it is on your â€Å"reading† abilities. If you’re more of a â€Å"science person" or "math person† this article will help you figure out how to apply the skills you already have to ACT Reading passages ACT Reading vs. SAT Reading: Which Is Easier? While the ACT Reading test and the SAT Critical Reading section test similar skills, there are some important differences to keep in mind when considering which test will showcase your abilities best. Will you do better on ACT Reading than on SAT Reading? Find out by examining the differences between the tests. How To Get 36 On ACT Reading: 11 Strategies From A Perfect Scorer PrepScholar resident perfect scorer (and co-founder) Allen Cheng tells all [about his experiences mastering the ACT] in this article. Check it out for tips for increasing your ACT Reading score, keeping motivated, and studying effectively. Keep It Up Sign Card Motivation 2012 Girls on the Run Grand Rapids Montessori February 22, 2012 8 by Steven Depolo, used under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from original. ACT Reading motivation secret: you can't disappoint a small child with an index card. ACT Reading Skills These guides break down every single question type in the ACT Reading test. Learn about skills each question type is testing, strategies for developing and honing these skills, walkthroughs of questions, and practice questions of your very own. Understanding ACT Reading Question Types Little Picture Questions Being able to scan through a passage and find the details that are being asked about in a particular question is the most important skill for ACT Reading. If you can't find the relevant information, after all, how can you begin to figure out its meaning or its function? Big Picture Questions You'll need to be able to read a large amount of text and distill it down into a main point to answer big picture and main point questions on ACT Reading. It's also a skill you’ll need for college (and beyond), so it's even more important to make sure you know the best strategies for answering these questions. Vocabulary In Context Questions Just because ACT Reading doesn’t have any â€Å"fill in the blank† or sentence completion questions on it doesn’t mean you won’t be tested on vocabulary by the ACT. You need to get good at figuring out the contextual meaning of words. Inference Questions Inference questions can be the most difficult questions to wrap your head around, because it seems as if the ACT is asking you to answer questions based on information not located in the passage. Don’t be fooled! You’ll need to practice inferring meaning from context. Function And Development Questions Some ACT Reading questions move beyond merely asking about meaning and, instead, ask about how certain words, phrases, or lines function in the overall structure of the passage. You'll need to be able to figure out not just what the author is saying, but what she/he does to convey that meaning as well as the role certain paragraphs play in the passage as a whole. Special Guides Why Are ACT Reading Paired Passages So Hard? Questions that ask about multiple passages have only been appearing on the ACT Reading section since June 2014. What difference does this make to you and how should this change the way you practice for the ACT Reading section? Read this article to learn more about paired passages on the ACT and what, exactly, makes questions that ask about multiple passages so difficult. How To Attack Paired Passages On The ACT Reading Test: 4 Key Strategies Now that you know what paired passages are...whatcha gonna do about it? This article goes into more depth on paired passages and strategies you can use to help with those tricky multipassage questions. The Vocab You'll Need For ACT Reading Studying how to answer vocabulary in context questions is obviously the most important part of being able to answer those questions, but what if you just don't have a large (English) vocabulary? The answer is not to read the dictionary page-by-page; instead, focus your studying on these frequently-appearing ACT vocabulary words. The Super Dictionary by Joel Kramer, used under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from original. Think of this article as your very own super dictionary. ACT Reading Strategies and Tips We've gone through an overview of ACT Reading and some of the deeper skills you'll need to master to truly conquer this test. What's left? Using the guides below to pull it all together. Hone your skills by creating a structure for your ACT Reading practice and focusing your studying, so that you can do your best on test day. The Best Way To Practice ACT Reading Unless you are Hermione Granger and own a time turner, you have a limited amount of time to spend on ACT Reading practice. Make sure that you are using your time wisely by following the strategies contained in this article. The Best ACT Reading Practice Tests And Questions There's no point in spending hours and hours on ACT prep if you don't use high quality materials. Find out what the best resources for realistic ACT Reading practice tests and questions are by reading this article. Stop Running Out Of Time On ACT Reading Even if you’re great at reading comprehension, ACT Reading can still trip you up because of the short amount of time (35 minutes!) you get to read 5 passages and answer 40 questions. You'll need to plan ahead to avoid falling behind during the test. 4 Top ACT Reading Strategies We’ve compiled the four strategies that will have the biggest impact on the way you approach the ACT Reading section. Figure out which strategies work best for you and use them early and often. The Hardest ACT Reading Questions Ever Over the years of ACT Reading, there have been some truly terrifying questions. So naturally, we’ve gathered them into this article for you to try out (happy early Halloween!). Challenge yourself! The Top 10 ACT Reading Tips: Use These And Improve Your Score Need a quick fix to raise your ACT Reading score? Or even several quick fixes? We've sifted through our expert ACT Reading knowledge to come up with these ten tips to boost your ACT Reading score. boost? by insertnamehere.99999, used under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from original. What’s Next? There’s a lot to read to prepare for the ACT...Reading (which makes sense, I guess). But reading these articles is just the first phase of your test prep: there's work yet to be done. After reading the articles included in this guide, you should... Go forth and hunt down high quality study materials - make sure to place real ACT tests at the forefront of your studying regimen! Diagnose your ACT Reading problems and review your mistakes. If you don't figure out where you're going wrong, it'll be very difficult to avoid repeating your errors. Stay motivated! Preparing for the ACT can be challenging, and you won't get through it without motivation. Our article on getting a perfect 36 on the ACT has some great tips for this. We also have a list of links to ACT Prep info. If you're feeling overwhelmed by all this information and are concerned about being able to prep for the ACT Reading test all on your own, it’s worth checking out our ACT test prep platform. Built by Harvard graduates, our program learns your individual strengths and weaknesses through statistical analysis, then uses that information to create a customized prep program for you to help you achieve your best score possible. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Reading lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

HRMD 665- MANAGING VIRTUAL AND GLOBAL TEAMS Research Paper

HRMD 665- MANAGING VIRTUAL AND GLOBAL TEAMS - Research Paper Example The start of video conferencing has marked an era wherein the virtual environment has been created, resulting in the converging of ideas and viewpoints of business people present at different points across the globe. The formation of such virtual teams has resulted in revolutionizing key business decision making and communication, very simple and effective. Thus virtual teams are the teams that have been formed by the HR department of the organization, with an aim to achieve the goals of the organization. (Eric 2010) In the case of the Human Resource wing of the organization, the creation of such virtual teams which has got a global reach will make it very effective and this indeed plays a very significant role in the speedy development of the strategies and plans, which can be communicated within seconds. Thus the evolution and creation of the virtual teams has resulted in the speedy exchange of ideas, time saving, increase in the commitment of the team members and the improvement o f trust. (Levi 2007) Though before the development of the internet the virtual teams were considered impossible, today they have been considered as a solid reality. Thus when compared to the other face to face teams present in the organization, the virtual teams are very well considered by most of the industrial and business experts, as the one that can add more value to the existing teams and its structures. The traditional structures found in common business and industrial firms have been the lightweight, tiger and heavyweight teams. Hence for any organization to develop a very good virtual team, the HR department has to play a very important role and take much effort for the formation of a very successful team. (Duarte & Snyder 2006) For the virtual team to become very highly successful, the presence of good teamwork is a primary requirement. Hence for the virtual team’s success the main ingredients that has been formulated by the HR team is the creation of a very good cul ture as well as infrastructure, which imparts very easily understandable guide for the knowledge and development of skills. Thus when compared to the face to face teams, the virtual team is gathering a very speedy acceptance and application to most of the industries and the academic institutions worldwide. (Duarte & Snyder 2006) Most of the countries are becoming technologically advanced and this has led to the virtual teams to become much stronger and also to be considered as the best means of communication and decision making network due to which it has become a norm for the organizations all over the world. The HR of the modern day organizations, find it very easy and useful to recruit the team members of the virtual teams, which results in the successful and speedy selection of the best and the highly talented individuals across the globe and also the retention of such virtual teams and the team members for a longer period of time. (Konradt & Hoch 2007) The HR of such organizati ons also takes the utmost care to develop such individuals over a period of time, with an idea of turning them into assets for the organization. Since most all the team members present in the virtual teams can be contacted almost at the same time through the global network, instantaneous interaction and views can be exchanged between them, which show the universality of the virtual te